| | General references | Food related references | Cropping systems references | Feed uses - general | Swine feed | Poultry feed | Ruminant feed | Sheep feed | Horse feed | Forage, silage, and green-feed references | Use for ethanol
General References
Anon, 1989. Triticale: A promising addition to the world’s cereal grains. National Academy Press, Washington D.C.
Forsberg, R. A., (Ed)., 1985. Triticale. CSSA Pub. No. 9:1-82. Pub. CSSA, Wisc., USA
Larter, E.N. 1995. Pages 122-129 in A.E.Slinkard, and D.R. Knott (eds), Harvest of Gold: The history of field crop breeding in Canada, University Extension Press, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon
Lemerle, D., and K. Cooper.1996. Comparative weed suppression by triticale, cereal rye and wheat. In H. Guedes-Pinto et al (eds) Triticale: Today and tomorrow, p749-750. Pub Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands
McLelland, M. 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001. Varietal performance data. Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. www.agric.gov.ab.ca/app95/seedinginfo
Mcleod, J.G., Townley-Smith, R.M., DePauw, R.M., Lendrum, C.W.B., McCrystal, G.E., and Payne, J.F. 1990. Frank spring triticale. Cultivar description. Can. J. Plant Sci.70: 1155-1157
McCleod, J.G., Townley-Smith, R.M., DePauw, R.M., and Clarke, J.M. 1994. AC Copia spring triticale. Cultivar description. Can. J. Plant Sci.74:811-813
McCleod, J.G., Townley-Smith, R.M., DePauw, R.M., and Clarke, J.M. 1996a. AC Alta spring triticale. Cultivar description. Can. J. Plant Sci.76:139-141
McCleod, J.G., Pfeiffer, W.H.., DePauw, R.M., and Clarke, J.M. 1996b. AC Copia spring triticale. Cultivar description. Can. J. Plant Sci.76:333-335
McCleod, J.G., DePauw, R.M., and Clarke, J.M. 1998a. Report on the Western Spring Triticale Cooperative test, 1997. In Minutes, 9th Annual Meeting, Prairie Registration Recommending Committee for Grain, Saskatoon
McLeod, J.G., Gan, Y.T., Salmon, D.F., and Baron, V.S. 1998b. Triticale-Biomass potential and quality on the Canadian prairies. Pages 264-267 in Proc. 4th Int. Triticale Symp.. Volume 2: Poster presentations. Int. Triticale Assoc., Red Deer and Lacombe, Canada
McCleod, J.G., DePauw, R.M., and Clarke, J.M. 1999 Report on the Western Spring Triticale Cooperative test, 1998. In Minutes, 10th Annual Meeting, Prairie Registration Recommending Committee for Grain, Saskatoon
Muntzing, A. 1979. Triticale – results and problems. P1-103. Pub. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg
National Research Council. 1989. Triticale: A promising addition to the world’s cereal grains. National Academy Press, Washington D.C.
Oettler, G. 1998. Creating genetic variability in triticale and its potential for breeding: 1. Agronomic traits. Proc. 4th Int. Triticale Symp., July 26-31,1998, Red Deer, Alberta, Canada Vol 1: 1-12
Pfeiffer, W. H., Sayre, K. D., and M. Mergoum. 1998. Heterosis in spring triticale hybrids. Proc. 4th Int. Triticale Symp., July 26-31,1998, Red Deer, Alberta, Canada Vol 1: 86-91
Scarth, R., Brule-Babel, A., and Larter, E. 1992. Banjo spring triticale. Cultivar description. Can. J. Plant Sci.72: 841-842
Skovmand, B.P., Fox, P.N., and Villareal, L.R. 1984. Triticale in commercial agriculture: progress and promise. Adv. Agron. 37:37-45
Simmonds, N. W. (Ed). 1976. Evolution of crop plants. p118. Pub.Longman
Statistics Canada (all years): www.statcan.ca
Varughese, G., Pfeiffer, W.H., and Pena, R.J. 1996. Triticale: a successful alternative crop. Cereal Foods World 41: (6): 474-482
Williams, J.T. (ed) 1995.Cereals and Pseudocereals. First edition, Chapman and Hall, London
Food Related References
Anderson, R.A., A.C. Stringfellow, and J.S. Wall. 1976. Compositional and functional properties of milled fractions of triticale. Ed. S.P. Young. Int Triticale Symp. Sep.18-19, 1973. ICASALS Pub. No. 76-1, Lubbock, Texas, 1976
Bakhshi, A. K., Bakhshi, R., Saxena, A. K., and Dhindsa, G. S. 1998. Suitability of amber colored triticales for Indian ethnic food items. Proc. 4th Int. Triticale Symp., July 26-31,1998, Red Deer, Alberta, Canada Vol 1: 92-101
Briggs, K.G. 1990. Proc. Triticale for human food – a panel discussion. 2nd Int. Triticale Symp., Passo Fundo, Brazil. p435-437
Briggs, K. G. 2001. The growth potential of Triticale in Western Canada. AAFRD Publication. Pp1-131.
Bushuk, W. 1990. Milling and baking characteristics of triticale. Proc. 2nd Int. Triticale Symp., Passo Fundo, Brazil. p470-473
Dodge, B.S. 1989. Food and feed uses. Pages 42-52 in National Research Council: Triticale: A promising addition to the world’s cereal grains. National Academy Press, Washington D.C.
Khan, A.M., and Eggum, B.O. 1979. The nutritional quality of some Pakistani wheat varieties. J. Sci. Food and Agric. 30: 779-784
Lorenz, K. 1972. Food uses of triticale: Hybrid of wheat and rye can be used in breads, rolls and noodles. Food Technol. 26: 66-72
Lorenz, K. 1973 (Title not known) In Proc. Int Triticale Symp. Ed. S.P. Yang. 1976 Triticale Food products p95-107
Lorenz, L., Reuter, F.W., and Sizer, C. 1974. The mineral composition of triticales and triticale milling fractions by X-ray fluorescence and atomic absorption. Cereal Chem.51: 534
Lukaszewski, A.J. 1998. Improvement of breadmaking quality of triticale through chromosome translocation. 4th Int. Triticale Symp., Red Deer, Canada, p102-110
Miller, H.E., F. Rigelhof, L. Marquart, A. Prakash, and M. Kanter. 2000. Whole grain products and anti-oxidants. Cereal Foods World 45: 59-63
Onwulata, C.I., Konstance, P.R..and E.D. Strange, 2000. High fiber snacks extruded from triticale and wheat. Abstract. Nov 5-9, 2000 Am. Assoc. Cereal Sci. Annual Mtg. Kanas City, Missouri. www.scisoc.org/MEETING/2000/Abstracts/a00ma148.htm
Pena, R.J. 1996. Factors affecting triticale as a food crop. In H.Guedes-Pinto et al, (eds.) Triticale: Today and Tomorrow. p753-762, Kluwer Academic Pub., Netherlands
Pena, R. J., and Balance, G. M. 1987. Comparison of gluten quality in triticale: fractional reconstitution study. Cereal Chem.64: 128-132
Pena, R.J., M. Mergoum, and W.H. Pfeiffer. 1998. Glutenin subunit composition and breadmaking quality characteristics of recently developed triticale germplasm of CIMMYT. 4th Int. Triticale Symp., Red Deer, Canada, p117-123
Salmon, D., Temelli, F. and Spence, S. 2002. Chemical composition of Western Canadian triticale varieties. Proc. of the 5th International Triticale Symposium, Volume II, pp. 445-450, June 30-July 5, Radzikow, Poland.
Sloan, A.E. 1999. Positive eating and problem treating: Nutraceuticals and cereal-based foods in the 21st century. Cereal Foods World 44: 46-50
Temelli, F., D. Salmon, and G. Mcleod. 2003. Component analysis of triticale for food. Final Report, Industry Development Sector, New Initiatives Fund. Project ID No: 2002-018. November 14, 2003
Weipert, D., Fretzdorff, B., and Seiler, K. (1986 ?) Title unavailable – copy from S. Spence, AAFRD, seen) Contribution #5391, Fed. Res. Centre for Cereal and Potato Processing, Detmold, Fed. Rep. Germany. 6pp.
Wu, Y.V., A.C.Stringfellow, R.A. Anderson, K.R. Saxson, and J.S. Wall. 1978 (No title available) J. Agric.Food Chem. 26:1039-1048
Cropping Systems References
Baron, V.S., Najda, H.G., Salmon, D.F., and Dick, A.C. 1993. Cropping systems for spring and winter cereals under simulated pasture: yield and yield distribution. Plant Sci. 73: 703-712.
Baron, V.S. 1997. Optimizing grazing management for spring-planted spring/winter cereal pastures (Abstract) Alberta Agricultural Research Institute, Lacombe (www.agric.gov.ab.ca).
Turkington, T.K., K. Xi, J.P. Tewari, H.K. Lee, G.W. Clayton, and K.N. Harker. 2005. Cultivar rotation as a strategy to reduce leaf diseases under barley monoculture. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 27: 1-8.
Feed Uses – General
Hill, G.M. 1991. Triticale in animal nutrition. In Proc. 2nd Int. Triticale Symp. CIMMYT, Mexico.
Hulse, J. H., and E. M. Laing. 1974. Nutritive value of triticale protein. P1-183. Pub. IDRC, Ottawa.
Jaikaran, S., E. Prommer, D. Salmon, G. Recinos-Diaz, and Boatang Li. 2001. Calibration of the NIRS 6500 to measure amino acids in triticale and develop regression equations to calculate amino acids from crude protein. AARI Final Report Project #96E168 pp 69-112.
Karren, D. B., L. A. Goonewardene, and J. A. Bradley. 1994. The effect of feed type on mouth lesions in slaughter cattle. Can.J.Anim.Sci.74: 571-573.
Larter, E.D. 1976. Triticale research at the University of Manitoba, Canada. Proc. Int. Triticale Symp., ed. S.P. Yang, Sept.18-19, 1973, Pub. ICASALS #76-1, Lubbock, Texas 1976. P25-33.
Leterme, P., Tahon, F., and Thewis, A. 1990. Le triticale en alimentation animale. 1. Composition chimique. Revue de l’Agriculture 43:617-629.
Michela, P., and Lorenz, K. 1976. The vitamins of triticale, wheat and rye. Cereal Chem. 53: 853-861.
Radcliffe, B. C., Egan, A. R., and Driscoll, C. J. 1983. Nutritional evaluations of triticale grain grown as an animal feed. J. Exp. Agric. Anim. Husb. 23: 419.
Swine Feed
Adeola, O., L.G. Young, E..G. McMillen, and E.T.Moran. Jr. 1986. Comparative protein and energy value of OAC Wintri triticale and corn for pigs. J. Anim. Sci.63: 1854-1861
Balogun, O.O., L.G. Young, O.Adeola, and E.McMillen. 1988. Evaluation of protein and energy values of OAC Wintri triticale using cannulated pigs. J. Agric. Food Chem. 38: 1233-1235
Brendemuehl, J.H., R.O.Myer, and D.D. Johnson. 1996. Influence of feeding growing-finishing pigs triticale, wheat or maize based diets on resulting carcass composition and on taste and quality characteristics of pork. In H.Guedes-Pinto et al, (eds.) Triticale: Today and Tomorrow. p807-811, Kluwer Academic Pub., Netherlands
Edwards, T. 1998. Triticale: Good for pig rations. (A publication of the S. Australia R & D Inst., Adelaide, p1-3. (www.sardi.sa.gov.au/.ivestck/pignews/dec98/tritical.htm)
Erickson, J.P., and F.C. Elliott. 1985. Triticale as a replacement for other grains in swine diets. In Triticale: CSSA Special Pub. No.9: 41-50
Gatel, F., Lavorel, O., Fekete, J., Grosjean, F., and J. Castaine. 1985. Feeding value of triticale for monogastrics: weaned piglets, growing-finishing pigs and broilers. In: Genetics and breeding of Triticale. Eds. Bernard, M. and S. Bernard. p670
Haydon, K.D., and S.E. Hobbs. 1991. Nutrient digestibilities of soft winter wheat, improved triticale cultivars, and pearl millet for finishing pigs. J.Anim.Sci.69: 719-725
Jaikaran, S., Robertson, W.M., Salmon, D.F., Aherne, F.X., and Hickling, D. 1998. Comparison of live performance of market pigs fed triticale, maize or hulless barley based diets. Pages 185-195 In Proc. 4th Int. Triticale Symp. Vol.1: Oral presentations. Int. Triticale Assoc.
Leterne, P., A.Thewis, and F. Tahon. 1990. Nutritive value of triticale in pigs as a function of the chemical composition. Proc. 2nd Int. Triticale Symp., Passo Fundo, Brazil. p442-444
Myer, R.O. 1998. Evaluation of triticale in nursery diets for early weaned pigs. p196-200 In Proc. 4th Int. Triticale Symp. Vol.1: Oral presentations. Int. Triticale Assoc., Red Deer and Lacombe, Canada
Myer, R. O. 2002 Triticale grain for young pig diets. Proc. 5th Int. Triticale Symp., Volume I, June 30-July 5, 2001, Radzikow, Poland p271-276
Myer, R.O., J.H. Brendemuehl, and R.D.Barnett. 1996a. Synthetic amino acid supplementation of triticale and wheat based diets for growing-finishing pigs. In H.Guedes-Pinto et al, (eds.) Triticale: Today and Tomorrow. P813-817, Kluwer Academic Pub., Netherlands
Myer, R.O., J.H. Brendemuehl, and R.D.Barnett. 1996b. Crystalline lysine and threonine supplementation of soft red winter wheat or triticale, low protein diets for growing-finishing swine. J.Anim.Sci.74: 577-583
Myer, R.O., G.E. Combs, and R.D. Barnett. 1990. Evaluation of three triticale cultivars as potential feed grains for swine. Proc. Soil and Crop Sci. Soc. of Florida. The Society. 1990.v49, p155-158 (Article not seen)
Myer, R.O., G.E. Combs, and R.D. Barnett. 1996. Evaluation of triticale cultivars adapted to the Southeastern USA as potential feed grains for swine. Proc. 2nd Int. Triticale Symp., Passo Fundo, Brazil. 554-557
National Research Council (NRC). Nutrient requirements of swine. 1998. 10th Ed., Washington. National Academy Press.
Ohio State University (anon). Tri-State Swine Nutrition Guide, Bulletin 869-98, Feed Ingredients. (www.ag.ohio-state.edu/~ohioline/b869_51.html) p1-7.
Robertson, W.M., S. Jaikaran, L.E. Jeremiah., D.F. Salmon, F.X. Aherne, and S.J. Landry. 1998. Carcass composition and meat quality of pigs fed maize, hulless barley or triticale based diets. p201-207. In Proc. 4th Int. Triticale Symp. Vol.1: Oral presentations. Int. Triticale Assoc., Red Deer and Lacombe, Canada
Salmon, D.F., Aherne, F.X., and Hickling, D. 1998. Comparison of live performance of market pigs fed triticale, maize or hulless barley based diets. Pages 185-195 In Proc. 4th Int. Triticale Symp. Vol.1: Oral presentations. Int. Triticale Assoc., Red Deer and Lacombe, Canada
Taverner, M.R. 1986. The digestibility by pigs of amino acids in triticale, wheat and rye. Pages 507-510 in Proc. Int. Triticale Symp., Sydney. Occasional Publication No.24, Australian Inst. Agric. Sci., Sydney
van Barneveld, R. J. 1999 Chemical and physical characteristics of grains related to variability in energy and amino acid availability in pigs. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 50: 667-687
van Barneveld, R. J. and K. V. Cooper. 2001. Nutritional quality of triticale for pigs and poultry. Proc. 5th Int. Triticale Symp., Volume I, June 30-July 5, 2001, Radzikow, Poland p277-282
Poultry Feed
Aw-Young, L.M., J.S.Sim, and D.B.Briagg. 1983. Mineral availability of corn, barley, wheat, and triticale for chick. Poultry Sci.62: 659-664
Belaid, A. 1993. Nutritive and economic value of triticale as a food grain for poultry. Triticale Topics 11: 10-16
Belaid, A. 1994. Nutritive and economic value of triticale as a feed grain for poultry. CIMMYT economics working paper 94-01. Mexico, D.F.: CIMMYT
Boldaji, F., Goeger, M.P., Nakaue, H.S., Arscott, G.H., and T.F. Savage. 1986. Apparent, true and nitrogen corrected metabolizable energy values of different varieties of triticale, wheat and barley in poultry. Nutr. Rep. Int. 33:499-503
Boros, D. 1999. Influence of R genome on the nutritional value of triticale for broiler chicks. Anim.Sci.Tech.76: 219-226
Boros, D. 1998. Nutritive value of different forms of triticale for monogastric animals. In Proc. 4th Int Triticale Symp., Red Deer, Canada. p177-184
Charalambous, K., Koumas, A., and S. Economides. 1986. The effect of triticale grain on the performance of chicks from birth to nine weeks of age. Tech. Bull, Agric.Res.Inst.79:1-7
Choudhury, K.S. (year?) Triticale a promising feed for poultry. 1p abstract sourced from Orissa, India. Poultry Guide p62
Fayez, El-Yassin, Haj-Omar Nedal, and Abboud Mousa. 1996. Nutritive value and feed efficiency of broiler diets containing different levels of triticale. In H. Guedes-Pinto et al (eds) Triticale: Today and tomorrow, 819-826 Pub Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands.
Feedes, J. J. R., E. J. Emmanuel, and M. J. Zuidhoff. 2002. Broiler performance, bodyweight variance, feed and water intake, and carcass quality at different stocking densities. Poult. Science 81:774-779
Flores, M.P., J.I.R. Castanan, and J.M. McNab. 1994. Nutritive value of triticale feed to cockerels and chicks. British Poultry Sci.35: 527-536
Flores, M.P., J.I.R. Castanan, and J.M. McNab. 1994b. Effect of enzyme supplementation of wheat and triticale based diets for broilers. Anim. Feed Sci. and Technol.49: 237-243
Gatel, F., O. Lavorel, J. Fekete, F. Grosjean, and J. Castaing. 1985. Feeding value of triticale for monogastrics: weaned piglets, growing-finishing pigs and broilers. In: Genetics and breeding of triticale. Eds. Bernard, M. and S. Bernard. pp.659-670:
Gerry, R.W.1975. Triticale in broiler rations. Feedstuffs 47:24-25
Gill, K.S., S.S.Zobada, and J.C.Ichhponani. 1981. Triticale: a potential energy source for poultry. Poultry Adviser 21:p21 (Ludhiana Coll. of Agric., India)
Heger, J, and B.O. Eggum. 1991. The nutritional values of some high-yielding cultivars of triticale. J. Cereal Chem.14: 63-71
Hughes, R. J. and Choct, M. 1999 Chemical and physical characteristics of grains related to variability in energy and amino acid availability in poultry. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 50: 689-703
Hughes, R. J. and Cooper, K. V. 2002 Nutritive value of triticale for broiler chickens is affected by variety, weather conditions and growth site. Proc. Australian Poultry Science Symposium 14: 131-134
Johnson, R., and P. Eason.1988. Evaluation of triticale for use in meat-type chickens. J. Sci. Food Agric.42: 95-108
Karunajeewa, H., and S.H.Tham. 1984. The replacement value of triticale for barley in layer diets with or without rice pollard. J.Sci.Food Agric.35:970-976
Leeson, S., and J.D.Summers. 1987. Response of White Leghorns to diets containing ground or whole triticale. Can.J.Anim. Sci.67:583-585
Maurice, D.V., J.E.Jones, Lightsey, S.F., Rhoades, J.F., and K.T.Hsu.1989. Chemical composition and nutritive value of triticale (Florida 201) for broiler chickens. Applied Agric. Res.4:243-247
McNab, J.M. and Shannon, D.W.F.1975. The nutritive value of triticale and rye for the laying hen. British Poultry Sci.16:9-15
McGinnis, J. 1973. Nutritional value of triticales as high-protein feed for poultry. In Proc. Int Triticale Symp., El Batan, Mexico
Nakaue and Boldaji. (no date). Website: cropandsoiloregonstate.edu/cereals/. Sourced Jan. 17, 2004.
Pettersson, D., and P. Aman. 1990. Composition and productive value for broiler chickens of wheat, triticale and rye. In Proc. 2nd Int. Triticale Symp. , Passo Fundo, Brazil.p546-549
Proudfoot, F.G., and H.W.Hulan. 1988. Nutritive value of triticale as a feed ingredient for broiler chickens. Poultry Sci.67:1743-1749
Rakowska, M., Boros, D., and Gastrorowska, M. 1992. Quality traits of the grain of Polish varieties of triticale. Triticale Topics 8: 4-9.1992.
Ruiz, N., Marion, E., Miles, R.D., and R.B.Barnes. 1987. Nutritive value of new cultivars of triticale and wheat for broiler chick diets. Poultry Sci.66:90-97
Rundgren, M. 1988. Evaluation of triticale given to pigs, poultry and rats. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 19:359-375.
Salmon, R.E. 1984. True metabolizable energy and amino acid composition of wheat and triticale and comparative performance in turkey starter diets. Poultry Sci.63:1664-1666.
Santos, A.A. Jr., P.R. Ferket, J.L. Grimes, and F.B.O. Santos. Reduction of intestinal Salmonella spp. Colonization in turkey by dietary wheat, triticale and enzyme supplementation. Proceedings, Southern Poultry Science Meeting, Jan. 24, 2005, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Savage, T.F., Holmes, Z.A., Nilipour, A.H., and H.S. Nakaue. 1987. Evaluation of cooked breast meat from male breeder turkeys fed diets containing varying amounts of triticale, variety Flora. Poultry Sci.66:450-452
Shafey, T.M., J.G. Dingle, and M.W. McDonald. 1992 Comparison between wheat, triticale, rye, soyabean oil and strain of laying bird on the production, and cholesterol and fatty acid contents of eggs. British Poultry Sci.33: 339-346
Smith, R.L., Jensen, L.S., Hoveland C.S., and W.W.Hanna.1989. Use of pearl millet, sorghum, and triticale grain in broiler diets. J.Prod.Agric.2: 78-82
Vieira, S.L., Penz, A.M., Kessler, A.M., and E.V.Catellan. 1995. A nutritional evaluation of triticale in broiler diets. J.Appl.Poultry Res.4: 352-355
Vohra, P., Bersch, S., Qualset, C.Q., and R.Baker. 1991.Triticale: an alternative cereal grain in broiler starter diets. Calif.Agric.45: 34-37
Yaqoob, M.M., and S.P. Netke. 1975. Studies on the incorporation of triticale in diets for growing chickens. British Poultry Sci.16: 45-54
Ruminant Feed
Bird, S.H., Rowe, J. B., Choct, M., Stachiw, S., Tyler, P., and Thompson, R. D. 1999. In vitro fermentation of grain and enzymatic digestion of cereal starch. Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition in Australia 12: 53-62
Goonewardene, L.A., D.R. Zobell, and J.A. Basarab. 1994. Comparison of growth and efficiency of steers fed barley and triticale diets. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 74: 159-161
Hill, G.M., and P.R. Utley. 1986. Comparative nutritional value of Beagle 82 triticale for finishing steers. Nutr. Rep. Int. 34:831-840
Hill, G.M., and P.R. Utley. 1989. Digestibility, protein metabolism and ruminal degradation of Beagle 82 triticale and Kline barley fed in corn-based cattle diets. J. Anim.Sci.67:1793-1804
Kochetova, A., Levitskii, A., and T. Fedorova. 1987. Triticale, Nutr.Abstr.57(3): no.936. p124
Lean, I. 1987 Nutrition of dairy cattle. Univ. Sydney Post-graduate Foundation. in Veterinary Science: Sydney south: NSW
Lofgren, G. P. (Year?) Barley, corn, milo, triticale and wheat for finishing cattle. Univ. of California Report p504-514 (Original publication and reference not located)
Males, J.R., and L.L. Falen. 1984. A comparison of triticale and barley for feedlot cattle. J.Anim. Sci.59: (Suppl 1):405 (Abstr.)
May, P. J., D. J. barker, and W. M. Jowes. 1988 Triticale and wheat in finishing diets for finishing cattle. Proc. Aust. Soc. Anim. Prod. 17: 250-253
McCloy, A.W., L.B.Sherrod, R.C. Albin, and K.R.Hansen. 1971. Nutritive value of triticale for ruminants J.Anim.Sci.32:534
McQueen, R. E., ands A. E. Fillmore 1991 Effects of triticale and barley-based concentrates on feed intake and milk yield by dairy cows. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 71: 845-853
Pace, Y., Malossini, F., Giacomo, A.D., and Caretta, A. 1986. Effect of flaking on the nutritive value of maize and triticale. Nutr. Abstr. 56(11):no.264
Rao, D. R., Patel, G., and Nishimuta, J. F. 1980. Comparison of protein quality of corn, triticale and wheat. Nutr. Rep. Int. 21: 923
Reddy, S.G., M.L. Chen, and D.R. Rao, D. R. 1975. Replacement value of triticale for corn, and wheat in beef finishing rations. J. Anim. Sci. 40: 940s
Van Barneveld, R.J. 2002. Triticale: A guide to the use of triticale in livestock feeds. A nutritional guide to the quality of triticale for ruminants. Grains Research Development Corporation, Australia. p1-12
Zobell, D.R., L.A. Goonewardene, and D.F. Engstrom. 1990. Potential of triticale as a feed for finishing steers. Can.J.Anim.Sci.70: 325-328
Zobell, D. R., L. A. Goonewardene, and D. F. Engstrom. 1992. Use of triticale silage in diets for growing steers. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 72:181-184
Sheep Feed
Brand, T. S., and G. D. van der Merwe. 1993 Comparison of different protein sources in enriched grain mixtures for fattening lambs. S. Afr. J. Anim.Sci. 23: 13-15
Brand, T. S., and G. D. van der Merwe. 1994 Comparison of triticale varieties with maize grain for finishing lambs. S. Afr . J. Anim. Sci. 24: 143-146
Preston, R. L. 1988. Typical composition of feeds for cattle and sheep. Feedstuffs 60 (43): 17
Horse Feed
Kohnke, J.R., F. Kelleher, and P. Trevor-Jones. 1999. Feeding horses in Australia – a guide for horse owners and managers. Pub. 99/49. Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation: Kingston, ACT
Rowe, J., W. Brown, and S. Bird. 2001. Safe and effective grain feeding for horses. Pub. 01/148. Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation. Kingston, ACT
Forage, Silage and Green-feed References
Aasen, A. 2004 Annual crops for grazing. Proc. Agronomy Update, 2004. January 13-14, 2004 Red Deer Alberta p.113-115
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, 2004. Cereal silage options for Western Canada. Sourced February 5, 2004) www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/fcd4659?opendocument
Anon, KSU, 1996. Triticale in Kansas. www.oznet.ksu.educ/library/crps12/nf2227.pdf
Baron, V.S., A.C. Dick, and E.A. de St. Remy. 1994. Response of forage yield and yield components to planting date and silage/pasture management in spring seeded winter cereal/spring oat cropping systems. Can.J. Plant Sci.74: 7-13
Baron. V. S., E. Mapfumo, M. A. Naeth, and D. S. Chanasyk. 1999 Sustainable grazing systems for perennial and annual forages on sloped lands. Final report: Canada-Alberta Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture Agreement (CAESA) RES-124-93 p.1-160
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Use for Ethanol
McLeod, J. G., Y. T. Gan, and V. S. Baron. 1997. An assessment of the cereal resources of Western Canada for ethanol feedstock. Proc. 1997 Ethanol research and development workshop. Ed. M. A. Stumborg.Pub NRC/AAFC: 5-8
Sosulski, K.,and L. Tarasoff. 1997. Evaluation of cereal grains as a feed stock for ethanol production.. Proc. 1997 Ethanol research and development workshop. Ed M. A. Stumborg Pub NRC/AAFC: 58-61. |
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