Diseases of Vegetables - Carrot

 
 
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 Aster Yellows | Black Root Rot | Cavity Spot | Common Scab | Lateral Root Dieback | Leaf Blight | Cercospora Leaf Spot | Sclerotinia Rot - white mold | Bacterial Leaf Blight | Bacterial Soft Rot | Black Rot | Crown Rot and Fusarium Dry Rot | Rubbery Brown Rot | Nematodes | Heat Canker

Aster Yellows
Mycoplasma (Phytoplasma-like organism PLO)

What to look for?
A common disease in carrot production, it causes losses from trace levels to 10% or more in the unharvested crop. Affected carrots have yellowing leaves and the carrot tap root produces masses of fibrous side roots making it unmarketable. This disease is spread by leaf hoppers that move into the province every year from the central U.S. Aster Yellows affects canola, onions, parsnips and faba beans as well as flowers, forage and field crops.


Photo: Howard
Picture description
Yellowed foliage.

Management strategy
No control strategy.

Black Root Rot
Thielaviopsis basicola (Chalara elegans)

What to look for?
This can be a problem disease on carrots grown on muck or high organic soils. Washed carrots may show black scattered lesions when stored in polythene bags.


Photo: Pepin
Picture description
Black rot lesions.

Management strategy
Root damage and high storage temperatures appear to favor disease development.

Cavity Spot
Pythium spp.

What to look for?
Cavity spot occurs on both parsnips and carrots. Tonnage of the crop is not reduced but the cavities make the roots unmarketable. The disease occurs on carrots grown on mineral or peat (muck) soils.


Photo: Ormrod
Picture description
Many cavity spots.

Management strategy
No control for this disease is known other than growing carrots on new land free of this problem disease.

Common Scab
Streptomyces scabies

What to look for?
This is the same scab that attacks potatoes and other root crops. Alkaline soils and dryish high organic soils are conducive to the development of the superficial disease.


Photo: Evans
Picture description
Scab lesions on the carrot surface.

Management strategy
Avoid potato fields and lower the soil pH if above 7 or more.

Lateral Root Dieback
Pythium spp.

What to look for?
Many pythium species are involved in this disease often referred to as rusty root in Ontario. The disease occurs in both mineral and muck soils.


Photo: Howard
Picture description
Fungus causes stubby carrots.

Management strategy
Avoid land with poor drainage or prone to flooding, improve soil drainage and use precision seeding.

Leaf Blight
Alternaria dauci

What to look for?
The most common leaf disease of carrots and also parsley. This fungus is seed- and residue-borne. Complete loss of foliage can take place during periods of prolonged wet, humid weather.


Photo: McDonald
Picture description
Severe leaf spotting by this fungus.

Management strategy
Seed treatment, crop rotation, and foliar fungicides are used for disease control.

Cercospora Leaf Spot
Cercospora carotae

What to look for?
This disease can be as destructive as Alternaria leaf blight. Again the disease is both seed- and residue-borne. Younger leaves are more susceptible than older leaves.


Photo: McDonald
Picture description
Lesions on carrot leaf stems.
..
Alternaria dauci

Photo: McDonald
Picture description
Carrot leaves totally killed off following infection by the Alternaria leaf blight fungus.

Management strategy
Fungicidal seed treatment, ploughing under crop residues, crop rotation and foliar fungicides are all control recommendations.

Sclerotinia Rot - White Mold
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

What to look for?
This is the most destructive disease of carrots in Alberta. The infectious ascospores of this fungus are abundant as a consequence of the build-up of the disease on millions of acres of canola and bean crops. Carrots may show little or no damage incidence in the field but following washing and storage white mold outbreaks often occur on the stored roots. Only a small percentage of the roots may be initially infected but the fungus mycelium can move very rapidly from carrot to carrot. In a matter of weeks the whole storage container may become a mass of white mold and black sclerotia surrounding each and every carrot.


Photo: Howard
Picture description
Sclerotinia mold covers carrots.

Management strategy
Frequent inspection in storage, low temperatures, aeration and washing in a final water of 2-5 % diluted bleach solution may give adequate control. (1 part bleach, (sodium hypochlorite) to 20 parts water.

Bacterial Leaf Blight

Bacterial leaf blight (Xanthomonos campistris pv.carotae) A seed-borne bacterial disease that causes leaf spotting similar to Cerospora or Alternaria blights.

Bacterial Soft Rot

Bacterial soft rot (Erwina carotovora subsp.carotovora) whence the name!, carotovora is from carrot, is a common disease of carrots both in the field and in storage. Grow carrots in well drained soil, grade before storage and rinse in bleach (sodium hypochlorite) as for Sclerotinia control.

Black Rot

Black rot (Alternaria radicina). This disease also attacks the roots and can be a problem on celery, parsnip and dill. The disease can persist for upto 8 years in the soil. Low temperature storage, resistant cultivars and foliar fungicides may reduce disease levels.

Crown Rot and Fusarium Dry Rot

Crown rot (Rhizoctonia solani) and Fusarium dry rot, (Fusarium spp.) may cause problems in stored carrots. Store as cool as possible at 0 oC and avoid planting on land where these diseases previously may have occurred.

Rubbery Brown Rot

Rubbery brown rot (Phytophthora porri) and violet root rot are both sporadic diseases that can occasionally occur on carrots.

Nematodes

Nematodes can attack carrots such as the Northern root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne hapla). This nematode has a very wide-host range and heavy infections may render carrot unmarketable.

Heat Canker

Heat canker in carrots is caused by tissues of the root at or near the soil surface collapsing and dying. from direct summer sunlight, causing major disfigurement of the root. Black or dark soils are most conducive to this type of injury.

Photographs and information assembled and prepared for ARD by Dr. Ieaun R. Evans Agri-Trend Agrology Ltd.
 
 
 
 

Other Documents in the Series

 
  Diseases of Vegetables
Diseases of Vegetables - Carrot - Current Document
Diseases of Vegetables - Celery
Diseases of Vegetables - Corn
Diseases of Vegetables - Cucumber
Diseases of Vegetables - Garlic
Diseases of Vegetables - Lettuce
Diseases of Vegetables - Muskmelon
Diseases of Vegetables - Onion
Diseases of Vegetables - Parsnip
Diseases of Vegetables - Pea
Diseases of Vegetables - Zucchini
 
 
 
 
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For more information about the content of this document, contact Robert Spencer.
This information published to the web on November 25, 2003.
Last Reviewed/Revised on March 19, 2008.