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Glossary
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Access - The right to enter private land.
Casing - Steel pipe placed in a well and cemented in place to prevent the geological formations from collapsing during drilling, and to isolate water, gas and oil from the other formations.
Certificate of Title - A document based on a title search stating that the title is vested in a designated person and showing outstanding liens, charges or other encumbrances.
Coalbed Methane - Coalbed methane (CBM) is the natural gas found in most coal seams. CBM is almost pure methane, the principal component of natural gas.
Coal Seam - A layer of coal found in the subsurface.
Covenants - An agreement written into deeds, grants or conveyances promising performance or non-performance of certain acts, or stipulating certain uses or non-uses of the property.
De-watering - The process of removing water from a coal seam. A pump loacted at the wellhead, removes the water that naturally occupies the fracture reducing the reservoir pressure which causes the gas to desorb out of the soil. De-watering is required to reduce pressure within the coal seam, which in turn allows the methane gas to be released from the coal.
Directional Drilling - A well drilled at an angle from the vertical. Directional drilling can be used when geographical issues such as a river bank or other body of water prevent vertical drilling. Under normal conditions vertical drilling is used.
Easement - A non-possessing interest held by one person in the land of another whereby the first person is accorded partial use of the land for a specific purpose. Examples of easements are rights-of-way for power lines or pipelines.
Encumbrance - Anything that affects or limits the title to property, such as mortgages, easements, liens or restrictions of any kind.
Enurement - A provision in an agreement that makes the agreement binding on the lessor's and lessee's heirs, executors, administrators and successors.
ERCB - Energy Resources Conservation Board
Flaring - The burning of natural gas as a means of disposal. Flaring of wellsites is restricted to short-term testing, well workovers or rare emergency situations.
Indemnification - A provision in an agreement that protects one party in the agreement from legal consequences that result from an act of the other party in the agreement.
Indenture of Lease - The part of the lease that identifies the owner and the company and their respective addresses, and the legal description of the land as registered in the Land Titles Office.
Lessee - One who acquires the right to use the property of another by a lease or rental agreement.
Lessor - A landowner who leases or rents the right of use of property to another.
Market Value - The highest price for which property can be sold on the open market by a willing seller to a willing purchaser.
Occupant - A person, other than the registered owner, who is in actual possession of the land or entitled to be in possession of the land.
Owner - The person in whose name a Certificate of Title has been issued.
Right-of-Entry Order - A Surface Rights Board Order granting a company the use of a certain area of the land surface for operations such as drilling for minerals or constructing roadways.
Surface Lease - Any agreement entered into by an owner or occupant with a company under which the surface of the land may be used and which provides for the payment of compensation. |
Sour gas - Natural gas that contains hydrogen sulphide (H2S).
Sweet gas - Natural gas containing little or no hydrogen sulphide.
Wellbore - A hole drilled into the earth, usually cased with metal pipe, for the production of gas or oil.
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